An analysis of blood samples taken before Covid spread shows that up to 60% of the population already had some level of immunity to CoVid. That would explain why so many people who get Covid have no symptoms.
There are many types of CoVid, including the common cold. There are many ways that the body fights off these viruses. About half of us already have the ability to fight off, or reduce the impact of, CoVid 19 as a result of what we’ve built up to fight off other CoVids. Science is just beginning to sort this all out.
It seems there is a lot about this virus to-be-determined/fully-understood - there seems to be a lot of "if's and's and but's" but nothing definitive the scientists can hang their hats on right now - seems still too-early to tell exactly how it will play-out and exactly how it will end.
That’s one of the reasons that I yell at the TV when an “expert” appears and tells us they know exactly what’s going on. At this point, the experts don’t know shit. Wear masks. Don’t wear masks. Who the fuck knows.
Some countries, like Japan, have very low infection rates. Other areas, like Milan, have been decimated.
One possible explanation is that a flu bug has existed in a community recently that triggered a response that was also helpful with CoVid 19 when it later came around.
The article Mark pointed to did have a link to what appears to be a peer reviewed paper to a study partially funded by the US NIH. The second link was to an editorial about the study by someone who was not an author on the study paper. It was an editorial in an AAAS-affiliated publication, but still not directly from the source of the research findings.
In the paper linked from the article, there was a section that covered the limits in the reported work.
"Limitations and future directions.
Caveats of this study include the sample size and the focus on non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases. Sample size was limited by expediency. The focus on non-hospitalized cases of COVID-19 is a strength, in that these donors had uncomplicated disease of moderate duration, and thus it was encouraging that substantial CD4+ T cell and antibody responses were detected in all cases, and CD8+ T cell responses in the majority of cases. Complementing these data with MP T cell data from acute patients and patients with complicated disease course will also be of clear value, as will studies on the longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immunological memory. Additionally, lack of detailed information on common cold history or matched blood samples pre-exposure to SARS-CoV-2 prevents conclusions regarding the abundance of crossreactive coronavirus T cells before exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and any potential protective efficacy of such cells. Finally, full epitope mapping in the future will add important detailed resolution of the human coronavirus-specific T cell responses. In sum, we measure SARS-CoV-2−specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells responses in COVID-19 cases. Using multiple experimental approaches, SARS-CoV-2−specific CD4+ T cell and antibody responses were observed in all COVID-19 cases, and CD8+ T cell responses were observed in most. Importantly, pre-existing SARS-CoV-2−crossreactive T cell responses were observed in healthy donors, indicating some potential for pre-existing immunity in the human population. ORF mapping of T cell specificities revealed valuable targets for incorporation in candidate vaccine development, and revealed distinct specificity patterns between COVID-19 cases and unexposed healthy controls."
That's just about the only scenario that matches COVID-19 analytics. It correlates to vastly different environments and demographics. The analytics support the theory that the vast majority of people feel no effects from the Coronavirus virus. Some do react and feel flu like symptoms as well as COVID1-19 specific symptoms. While a small percentage of that group require hospitalization, with death resulting in a small percentage of that group.
The biggest risk factors by demographics are age and obesity. All n' All I think we are going to come out of this with the realization that Coronavirus on the whole is less of a threat than Influenza. Sure COVID-19 has a higher mortality rate, however fewer people ever develop an adverse reaction to it as compared to Influenza.
@mark94 said:
> Some countries, like Japan, have very low infection rates. Other areas, like Milan, have been decimated.
I have to believe that some of this is caused by cultural differences. You don't have to be a world traveler to know that salutations in Japan are done in a vastly different way from Italy -- a difference directly related to transmission of the virus.
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One possible explanation is that a flu bug has existed in a community recently that triggered a response that was also helpful with CoVid 19 when it later came around.
Again, who the fuck knows.
These other flu bugs, if they are the right kind, can act as a natural vaccine.
In the paper linked from the article, there was a section that covered the limits in the reported work.
"Limitations and future directions.
Caveats of this study include the sample size and the focus on non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases. Sample size was limited by expediency. The focus on non-hospitalized cases of COVID-19 is a strength, in that these donors had uncomplicated disease of moderate duration, and thus it was encouraging that substantial CD4+ T cell and antibody responses were detected in all cases, and CD8+ T cell responses in the majority of cases. Complementing these data with MP T cell data from acute patients and patients with complicated disease course will also be of clear value, as will studies on the longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immunological memory. Additionally, lack of detailed information on common cold history or matched blood samples pre-exposure to SARS-CoV-2 prevents conclusions regarding the abundance of crossreactive coronavirus T cells before exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and any potential protective efficacy of such cells. Finally, full epitope mapping in the future will add important detailed resolution of the human coronavirus-specific T cell responses. In sum, we measure SARS-CoV-2−specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells responses in COVID-19 cases. Using multiple experimental approaches, SARS-CoV-2−specific CD4+ T cell and antibody responses were observed in all COVID-19 cases, and CD8+ T cell responses were observed in most. Importantly, pre-existing SARS-CoV-2−crossreactive T cell responses were observed in healthy donors, indicating some potential for pre-existing immunity in the human population. ORF mapping of T cell specificities revealed valuable targets for incorporation in candidate vaccine development, and revealed distinct specificity patterns between COVID-19 cases and unexposed healthy controls."
The biggest risk factors by demographics are age and obesity. All n' All I think we are going to come out of this with the realization that Coronavirus on the whole is less of a threat than Influenza. Sure COVID-19 has a higher mortality rate, however fewer people ever develop an adverse reaction to it as compared to Influenza.
> Some countries, like Japan, have very low infection rates. Other areas, like Milan, have been decimated.
I have to believe that some of this is caused by cultural differences. You don't have to be a world traveler to know that salutations in Japan are done in a vastly different way from Italy -- a difference directly related to transmission of the virus.