OT: Power Semiconductors, recent books about

this guy is the biggest fucking moron on the internet.

^^^ He's not wrong.

Dafuq?

There might be another Internet discussion group where SGJ could find someone to talk to about this stuff. Maybe a tech group. I haven't met any strippers into electronics and semiconductors so far.

How many guys have you found posting about pro-sports, or politics, or even worse, their gambling habits, which they refer to as 'intesting'.

Power supplies, switching regulators, inverters, and converters / Irving M. Gottlieb\

SJG

I used to design/build audio amplifiers and (semi-legal) AM radio transmitters out of parts in my junk box. Pity this thread is pointless.

What can be a lower notch than "pointless"? Oh...as a vehicle for you to troll! That's how.

I think electric vehicles are pointless to an extent that we are focusing too much on it when there are several more economical options like hydrogen.

And don’t forget wind/sails and bicycles! That was for SJG

Don't know what your problem is rockstar666. You mention of the audio amps and the AM radio transmitters are most welcome. But beyond that, it's you who are being the troll here.

TDK, biomagnetic sensors? product.tdk.com

TDK was established in 1935, with the dream and conviction of industrializing ferrite, which is a magnetic material uniquely developed in Japan, so as to contribute to the development of society. We have introduced four great world-class innovations (ferrite materials, magnetic tapes, laminated components, magnetic heads) and continued to create products that support the development of society. We will continue to contribute to the value creation of our customers by offering high-quality products and services, utilizing our diverse global management resources, as a company that strives to stimulate further innovations.

Alternative to SQUID, and at room temperature product.tdk.com

The order of magnitude of the magnetic resolution is tens of pT (10-11T), which is close to the SQUID domain. SQUID needs liquid helium. TDK system is room temperature.

product.tdk.com

TDK has developed a new Ag-Stacked film, on which a thin transparent conductive Ag alloy layer is deposited on a film substrate. It has achieved lower resistance and excellent flexibility, while maintaining high transmittance equivalent to that of ITO films. It is a new-type transparent conductive film, which is suitable for applications such as light control windows (smart windows) and OPV (Organic Photovoltaics), which can contribute to the conservation and creation of energy, as well as for flexible displays and lighting or transparent electrodes of wearable devices.

SJG

1.7 magnitude earthquake 76 km from Tonopah, Nevada, United States earthquaketrack.com

I felt this. It was not much, but I did feel it. You learn to distinguish earth quakes from man made vibrations.

Elliot Rodger Manifesto, My Twisted World, 11 hours, human voice reading youtube.com

baker gurvitz army elysian encounter youtube.com

Baker Gurvitz Army en.wikipedia.org

Adrian Gurvitz en.wikipedia.org

One of the issues which jumps out at me in the Stellantis (Fiat Chrysler) EV plan is that they talk only of using IGBT's. As I know, these cannot self commutate. So you could use them for regenerative braking though a AC traction motor, or for charging off of AC ground power. But for using a battery to run a motor, I think not. But I need to look into this more.

SJG

Right here, BSDM kit!

etsy.com

Power electronics : devices, circuits and industrial applications / V.R. Moorthi (2005)

amazon.com

Power Electronics: Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications would serve as an invaluable text for undergraduate and postgraduate courses on power electronics. It would also be a useful reference for practicing design engineers. The book provides an exhaustive coverage of various power electronic devices with emphasis on the thyristor. The characteristics of modern power semiconductor devices like the power transistor, MOSFET and the IGBT are also discussed. Other relevant topics like cycloconverters, brushless DC motors, microprocessor fundamentals, microprocessor control of industrial equipment, and field-oriented control of AC motors, are dealt with in detail. With its in-depth presentation of topics, detailed and easy-to-understand derivations, the emphasis of the book is on the understanding of fundamental concepts. The theory is well-supported by a large number of solved and unsolved problems and multiple choice questions. The lucid treatment in the book encourages self-study and motivates the student towards independent problem solving.

IGBT stands for insulated-gate bipolar transistor. Figure (a) shows the symbol of an IGBT. It is a power transistor that combines an input MOS and an output bipolar transistor. ... Consequently, an IGBT is a switching transistor with low ON voltage even at high breakdown voltage.

en.wikipedia.org

toshiba.semicon-storage.com

Since it is designed to turn on and off rapidly, the IGBT can synthesize complex waveforms with pulse-width modulation and low-pass filters, so it is also used in switching amplifiers in sound systems and industrial control systems. In switching applications modern devices feature pulse repetition rates well into the ultrasonic-range frequencies, which are at least ten times higher than audio frequencies handled by the device when used as an analog audio amplifier. As of 2010, the IGBT is the second most widely used power transistor, after the power MOSFET.

Definition for self-commutated switches electronics.stackexchange.com

Okay, so I stand corrected. My knowledge of IGBT's is too limited. They can self commutate. So the Chrysler statement that they are using them to regulate power coming out of the battery is just fine.

SJG

Excellent action uniforms: yandy.com

yandy.com

Self Commutated Switches energyprofessionalsymposium.com

SJG

Full Backdoor curvynbeautiful.com

IGBT switching amps dynsolusa.com

diyaudio.com

SJG

yandy.com

What Is IGBT Based High Frequency Switch Mode Power Supply? gprectifier.com

HQ in Beijing

SJG

look at the models used for the various colors wickedtemptations.com

^^^ using Ultramicrocrystalline core transformers??

aliexpress.com

amazon.com

en.wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

I guess it is for going to higher frequencies than ferrite works well with.

SJG

Big Girl tuscl.net tuscl.net

Power Electronics, Devices, Circuits, and Industrial Applications V. R. Moorthi, 2005 over 1000 pages

deals with motors and welders and all manner of industrial applications. But, the IGBT is only a minor page in the book. Might be too old to deal with IGBT.

tutorialspoint.com.

Who makes IGBTs?

bisinfotech.com

indexpro.net

thomasnet.com

thomasnet.com

etesters.com

powerelectronicsdirectory.com

interfacebus.com

statista.com

powermodules.skyrock.com

SJG

Caramel Star, understands high heels and makeup !! tuscl.net

BBW, Black tuscl.net

SO I will continue with the above book. But to get more book info about IGBT's I probably need newer books, like:

Power electronic converters and systems : frontiers and applications / edited by Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski (2015)

Power electronics for renewable energy systems, transportation, and industrial applications / edited by Haitham Abu-Rub, Mariusz Malinowski, Kamal Al-Haddad (2014)

Designing control loops for linear and switching power supplies : a tutorial guide / Christophe Basso. (2012)

DC power supplies : power management and surge protection for power electronic systems / Nihal Kularatna (2012 CRC Press )

SJG

So reading: Power Electronics, Devices, Circuits, and Industrial Applications V. R. Moorthi, 2005 over 1000 pages

Lots of stuff in this. Talks about BJT versus MOSFET. It brings back a long dispute I had with someone on an audio electronics forum. He insisted that MOSFETs have a lower voltage drop when on than BJTs. I knew this was not true. You use the BJT common collector when you want a low drop, so it is just Vsat, not Vbe. But then, some people like MOSFETs in linear audio because the high on resistance will allow them to be protected by fuses. But the reason they are liked in switching power supplies is the high frequency capability and the lack of need for drive current.

But I could tell that the guys I was debating with were Switching Power Supply types. They did not understand that an Audiophile grade Subwoofer Amp was not the same thing.

Swithching Power Supply is designed for economic and size constraints.

Audiophile Grade Amp is supposed to be extreme. All that is necessary is that it can be argued that it delivers the highest possible performance. And SubWoofer is not full audio range.

So you can use a lower switching frequency, and you can supply the filtering components to keep it out of the driver, the forced air cooling, and the sound damping around the magnetics. You just want the best and most power that you can get out of your utility mains. And these guys did not believe this, but bipolar does it.

SJG

This might get more into the device physics Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology 3rd Edition by Simon M. Sze (Author), Ming-Kwei Lee (Author)

SJG

So they call Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs), and this must come from the only Thyratron tubes. These were gas filled triodes. Since the gas ( N2 I think ), ionized, these were temperature limited tubes, instead of space charge limited.

SCRs are fabricated as a 4 layer, N-P-N-P structure. But they are schematically drawn as two interconnected complementary BJTs. And this pretty much explains how they work. They have a voltage drop, a switching speed limit, and they do not self commutate. They latch on and only removing the current flow will unlatch them.

SJG

SCRs just handle one direction of current flow. So for AC, you need two of them.

Otherwise there are Triacs, which are like two SCR's connected in anti-parallel. So these can handle AC power. They are actually though a 5 layer structure. They are okay.

SJG

^^^ Triac have limitations, like triggering current and the specs for getting them to turn off. If you can do something with one Triac, good. But if you would have to use two, then better to use SCRs.

There are ways to induce commutation by using a second device and a capacitor. Maybe an inductor will work. I had seen all of thin in an old book, and I am surprise to see it also in this newer book.

Okay, but the benefit of this book is in its treating of newer power devices, like GTO and IGBT, but there are other variations as well. And of course small scale unsynced power generation, battery storage, and electric vehicles are a big motivator.

SJG

There’s a fascinating documentary on the Smithsonian Channel about the history of Silicon Valley beginning with Shockley and then the heritage of Traitorous Eight

Got a link?

There is also Steven Blank talking about the Microwave and Defense history and Stanford's Frederick Terman, and contrasting that with Shockley and the Semiconductor history. Blank's history is the "Hidden History"

Traitorous Eight, that pertained to Fairchild?

People who left Shockley to form Fairchild.

en.wikipedia.org

Shockley's plant never actually produced anything. But he did invent the SCR, as described above.

SJG

Gordon Moore probably being the most famous one I suppose

^^^ He went to Intel as I understand, but maybe first to Fairchild.

en.wikipedia.org

Yes, with Shockley, traitorous 8, Fairchild, then co-founder and CEO of Intel

Steve Blank, an entrepreneur, recently taught at UC Berkeley and also at Stanford, in the Business Department.

This is all about Microwaves, Radar, and the Cold War, which Frederick Terman was highly involved with starting with WWII.

youtube.com

About Shockley, very interesting:

amazon.com

and Shurkin is a couselor of students at Stanford, and he also wrote this about the Terman Gifted Study. And Shockley was eligible for the study but the skipped him.

amazon.com

And then this is also about Stanford: amazon.com

And then Jim Gibbons is largely a protégé of Shockley, though he is nothing like Shockley.

SJG

AMERICAN EXPERIENCE | Silicon Valley Chapter 1 | PBS, this is about Noyce and the 8 leaving Shockley youtube.com

And then this about Radar is very good, not understated:

The Invention That Changed the World: How a Small Group of Radar Pioneers Won the Second World War and Launched a Technical Revolution amazon.com

SJG

Power Electronics, Devices, Circuits, and Industrial Applications V. R. Moorthi, 2005 over 1000 pages

Extensive book. They have Thyristors (SCR, Silicon Control Rectifiers), Triacs (two anti-parallel SCRs), DIAC (something like a Triac, but self triggers in either direction, used to help with Triac triggering ), Inverter Grade Thyristors ( more conducive to external forced commutation ), GTO (Gate Turn Off Thyristors, can be turned of by a negative tripper pulse), BJT and MOSFET, and IGBT ( Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, seemingly the most commonly selected device today for many applications ).

This is a complex subject, and these devices are represented schematically by a few transistors. But especially when minority carriers are involved, this is not really how they function. Very temperature dependent, and an issue is speed and when they will untrigger. Not clear that IGBT will always commutate, and not clear that the other devices will not self-commutate.

Really, need to follow the manufacturer's literature. But then also, to design devices, need 2 and 3 D device simulations. And then for circuit simulation, with these devices, but also with all the magnetics and the motors and mechanical loading, I am sure that it is all completely inadequate. Many firms use the simulators are little more than a child's busy box, a video game, something to establish a division of labor.

Book talks about gold doping, in bipolar devices. This goes back to early 7400 TTL logic. Before we had TTL LS (with Schottky diode clamping), they used gold doping, not really as a dopant, but to force early carrier recombination, to improve switching times.

Also sounds like William Shockley did develop Thyristor, but while with General Electric. Then he started his company in Silicon Valley, but it was never able to make anything.

For over 15 years, prograde dimmers for the large incandescent bulbs used in theatrical lighting have used IGBT.

Stellantis (FIAT Chrysler) is committed to IGBTs for Plug In Electric Vehicles.

Decades ago diesel electric rail locomotives used DC generation and DC traction motors. Then they changed to AC, and they worked better. Higher efficiency, broader effective operating area of speed and power level. Better resistive braking (heat coils on roof) and better dynamic braking (using diesel power to brake).

Well PEV's deal with all the same things, but you can't have AC coming out of a battery. So you have to have self commutation or use forced commutation to have inverters.

And then photovoltaics, battery storage, and small scale rotating equipment like wind and hydro which is not at frequency or in sync.

The demand for quality solutions will mushroom.

SJG

AmberPampersYou tuscl.net

Action Uniform + Light Bondage spicylingerie.com

One thing I left out of the above post, or at least did not make clear. These devices are not just like analog integrated circuits with elements like in the circuit diagrams they use to explain them. They are completely merged devices. SCR's are four layer structures, TRIACs five layered. Others have elements that penetrate the structures. These are fully merged devices, and what makes them really complicated to understand are the minority carriers.

A few years ago I saw a device made by ST. This is a French and Italian concern. It was for 3 Phase power. It had 3 IGBTs and an ARM Processor. I think it was surface mount too.

Now usually 3 Phase stuff is large scale, lots of power. But the amount of current it would draw would be high. But current carrying capacity in an IGBT will depend on what heat sinking it has.

And the for high voltages you want lighter doping. A high voltage process is not what you would want for an ARM processor. So I would think it would be more likely to be useful as 4 separate packaged devices.

Numerical simulation of submicron semiconductor devices / Kazutaka Tomizawa. (1993 Artech House)

Computational electronics : semiconductor transport and device simulation / edited by K. Hess, J.P. Leburton, U. Ravaioli. (1991 Kluwer Academic )

Analysis and simulation of semiconductor devices / Siegfried Selberherr. (1984 Springer - Verlag, an old book today )

Guide to state-of-the-art electron devices / edited by Prof. Joachim N. Burghartz. (2013, Source Warning! )

Computational aspects of VLSI design with an emphasis on semiconductor device simulation / Randolph E. Bank, editor. (1990 SIAM AMS)

?? The simulation hypothesis : an MIT computer scientist shows why AI, quantum physics and Eastern mystics agree we are in a video game / Rizwan Virk. (2019)

Computational physics : simulation of classical and quantum systems / Philipp O.J. Scherer. (2013)

SJG

House of Harlot Latex tuscl.net

June 2021, $52 Billion approved for helping domestic semi-conductor manufacturing.

Such manufacturing certainly has been lost, very little left, but will this change it, is this the best way?

theverge.com

US Innovation and Competition Act or USICA

Earlier this year, Biden signed an executive order to combat growing concerns over a global semiconductor shortage. The order called for a 100-day government review of supply chains to address shortfalls in acquiring chips. That review was published Tuesday, and the White House launched a new task force to address these supply chain disruptions.

Feb 24, 2021 Biden signs executive order calling for semiconductor supply chain review theverge.com

The chip shortage was a result of a number of factors created by the coronavirus pandemic. As more of daily life moved online, consumer electronics manufacturers saw an increase in demand for products like laptops. Production of chips also slowed down in part because of the pandemic, and former President Trump’s trade war with China made it more difficult for US companies to work with Chinese chip producers.

The Biden administration is working to help address global semiconductor chip shortage theverge.com

S.1260 congress.gov

This bill establishes a Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the National Science Foundation (NSF) and establishes various programs and activities.

The goals of the directorate shall be, among other things, the strengthening of U.S. leadership in critical technologies through basic research in key technology focus areas, such as artificial intelligence, high performance computing, and advanced manufacturing, and the commercialization of those technologies to businesses in the United States.

Sept 7th US Innovation and Competition Act will ensure continued US leadership

The measure — known in the Senate as the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act — would significantly increase the federal investment in research, would target more research dollars toward solving specific technological and societal problems, and would help speed the transition of ideas from the lab to the marketplace. The House and Senate have passed different versions of the legislation — both by wide, bipartisan margins — and negotiations that are about to begin will determine whether the U.S. will have the scientific wherewithal it needs for the years ahead.

(still not sure what the status is)

SJG

Oct 25 Frustration builds over stalled China competition bill politico.com

Still talking $52 billion. I guess it is stalled with the rest of the Biden Budget?

SJG

Shocking January 6th Evidence Investigative Reporter Discovered (w/ Greg Palast) youtube.com

Her top and panties can come off separate from the rest of the harness like outfit tuscl.net tuscl.net

Invest in Domestic Semiconductor Manufacturing, Research & Design CHIPS for America Act & FABS Acthttps://semiconductors.org

The U.S. Senate on June 8, 2021 took a significant step toward this goal by passing the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act (USICA) (S.1260), which includes $52 billion in federal investments for the domestic semiconductor research, design, and manufacturing provisions in the CHIPS Act. The House of Representatives should swiftly follow suit and send legislation to the President’s desk to be signed into law.

Congress is also considering legislation called the FABS Act that would establish a semiconductor investment tax credit. The FABS Act should be expanded to include expenditures for both manufacturing and design to help strengthen the entire semiconductor ecosystem.

PRESS RELEASE: 10/28/21 SIA Commends Inclusion of Modified FABS Act in Reconciliation Package

On June 8, in a strong bipartisan vote, the Senate passed legislation called the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act (USICA) that includes $52 billion to fund the semiconductor manufacturing, design, and research provisions in the CHIPS for America Act. SIA has called on the House to follow suit and send legislation to the President’s desk for signature.

BLOG: 10/25/21 Momentum Builds in Congress for CHIPS Act Funding, FABS Act

The Senate on June 8 passed legislation called the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act (USICA) (S.1260) by a strong bipartisan vote of 68-32. USICA includes $52 billion to fund the semiconductor manufacturing, design, and research provisions in the CHIPS for America Act. Additionally, news reports indicate the FABS Act is under consideration for inclusion in the reconciliation package being negotiated. SIA strongly supports the FABS Act and is seeking to strengthen it by including semiconductor design.

SO IT SOUNDS LIKE NOTHING HAS BEEN QUITE PASSED YET, ALL PENDING WITH THE BIDEN BUILD BACK BETTER BUDGET.

semiconductors.org

Semiconductors Power the Modern World semiconductors.org

Semiconductor Shortage Highlights Need to Strengthen U.S. Chip Manufacturing, Research Feb 4th, 2021 semiconductors.org

Chipmakers Are Ramping Up Production to Address Semiconductor Shortage. Here’s Why that Takes Time semiconductors.org

How much time? Manufacturing a finished chip for a customer can take up to 26 weeks. Here’s why: manufacturing a finished semiconductor wafer, known as the cycle time, takes about 12 weeks on average but can take up to 14-20 weeks for advanced processes. To perfect the fabrication process of a chip to ramp-up production yields and volumes takes even much more time – around 24 weeks.

SJG

Gabriela Gunčíková - Whitesnake - Fool For Your Loving - cover - Ken Tamplin Vocal Academy youtube.com

Doesn't sound like the semicon money is passed yet semiconductors.org

en.wikipedia.org

SJG

SIA Commends Inclusion of Modified FABS Act in Reconciliation Package semiconductors.org

Chip CEOs make another plea to Congress to fund CHIPS Act (Dec 1) fierceelectronics.com

" It isn’t the first time that prominent executives have called on Congress to act on the measures. In July, chip and auto and labor executives urged Congress to get moving on CHIPS. Auto executives have felt the current chip shortage the most of any industry, with global automakers predicting more than $100 billion in revenue losses in 2021 because of the difficulty getting access to needed chips. "

SJG

Chip CEOs make another plea to Congress to fund CHIPS Act fierceelectronics.com

semiconductors.org

House bill funding semiconductor manufacturing could give a boost to tech companies lobbying on chip shortage issues By Byonce Tyus February 15, 2022 9:10 am opensecrets.org

H.R. 4521, The America COMPETES Act of 2022, 20 pages speaker.gov

House Passes COMPETES Act, Setting Up Negotiations With Senate Feb 4 aip.org

'Shop Safe' Provision in the America Competes Act Puts Online Sellers in Danger By unfairly putting the onus of the counterfeit goods problem squarely on the shoulders of online marketplaces, Shop Safe could effectively reshape the way more than 263 million Americans shop -- and harm small businesses in the process. Feb 28 entrepreneur.com

Voters Support the America COMPETES Act March 3 dataforprogress.org

So I guess it passed the House in a near party line vote. So not passed the Senate yet.

SJG

Voters Support the America COMPETES Act March 3 youtube.com

H.R.4521 - America COMPETES Act of 2022 117th Congress (2021-2022)

congress.gov

Rep. Johnson, Eddie Bernice [D-TX-30] (Introduced 07/19/2021)

congress.gov

District looks to include Dallas

This looks like the newest news, not sure what it means meritalk.com

Both bills include $52 billion in funding for the CHIPS Act, initially passed as part of the fiscal year (FY) 2021 National Defense Authorization Act. The bills also include funding to create a new science and engineering solutions directorate at NSF. However, each bill has a different name for such a directorate.

Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer said when invoking cloture March 17 that he hopes to get the bill passed and back to the House to begin the conferencing process this week.

Could be happening, %52 billion.

SJG

Montrose KSAN youtube.com

Vanilla Fudge youtube.com

Lots of changes - it'll be interesting to see how it pans out next season.

I think Matt Ryan being paired-up with Frank Reich will be a good combo.

^ wrong thread

^ yes very true.

Fabless semiconductor companies and letting semiconductor production be moved off shore has always been a liability, and an exportation of jobs.

Chips Act passed? $52 billion

ncalera.org

ecianow.org.

SJG

Chips Act status?

??? congress.gov

CHIPS for America Act & FABS Act semiconductors.org

says it was 5 hours ago: Computer chip subsidies face a make-or-break moment in Congress washingtonpost.com

SJG

White Room -- School of Rock youtube.com

Can Advanced Materials Address Moore’s Law Slowdown and the Chip Shortage? electronicdesign.com

electronicdesign.com

SJG

^ What are the current challenges faced by manufacturing semiconductors, and is there a solution?

Atomera atomera.com

"MST Enhanced Transistor"

"Atomera has created a patented, quantum engineered material called Mears Silicon Technology™ (MST®) which enhances transistors to deliver significantly better performance in today’s electronics." Los Gatos CA and Tempe AZ

"Robert Mears is a recognized pioneer and leading expert in photonics and nano-scale material engineering with more than 30 years’ experience. In the mid-1980’s, Dr. Mears invented and was first to demonstrate the Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), a transformative technology for broadband networks. In 2001 Dr. Mears founded Nanovis LLC (the original predecessor company to Atomera) to leverage his insights into the nano-scale engineering of new materials. Dr. Mears has authored or co-authored approximately 250 publications and patents and is an Emeritus Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, England. Dr. Mears holds B.A and M.A. degrees in Physics from University of Oxford and a Ph.D. in Electronics and Computer Science from the University of Southampton."

Industrial Automation electronicdesign.com

SJG

Now, Friday Pelosi talked about this Competes Act, as something they want to make happen.

science.house.gov

Senate Rejects SAFE Act For The Sixth Time: Marijuana Banking Bill Will Not Be A Part Of America COMPETES Act benzinga.com

Democrats lobby for high-tech immigration reforms in innovation bill before Congress science.org

America COMPETES Act of 2022 hpcwire.com

And of Robert J. Mears en.wikipedia.org

And of MST and Atomera en.wikipedia.org

businesswire.com

en.wikipedia.org

SJG

tsmc.com

I think what this America COMPETES Act is trying to address is simply the fact that American firms have gotten forced out of many markets, like the chips for automobiles.

The foreign firms have government assistance, but also our own firms have done a lot of offshoring, and like you said before a lot of the problem his is with these fabless companies. A great deal of money made in American markets has been used to build offshore industry which does not play be the same rules.

Is Time Running Out for Compromise on America COMPETES/USICA Act? 6/22 hpcwire.com

science.house.gov

Passed? science.house.gov

I can't see that anything has passed

July 1 Congress must pass the COMPETES Act and USICA to strengthen American science fas.org

July 2 Opinion Congress’s big China bill must pass — but with strings attached

" Congress might be nearing the finish line on the bill supposed to safeguard the nation’s technological supremacy — at a crawl rather than the sprint lawmakers and the president alike seem to think is necessary. The package must pass now or never; yet, as important as getting the job done is getting it done right.

Despite some rhetorical cold water thrown by Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.), legislators and administration officials alike are hopeful that the America Competes Act is close to finally passing. The legislation would send billions into technological research from artificial intelligence to quantum computing to nanoscience, as well as to help foreign scientists and engineers stay in the United States. Perhaps most notably, it would funnel a whopping $52 billion into shoring up domestic manufacturing of semiconductors, $39 billion of that subsidizing new factories through $3 billion grants. While this sort of industrial policy has brought dubious benefits in the past, a new argument for the investment arrives every day.

Under the current status quo, 75 percent of production of these critical computer chips takes place in East Asia — rendering this economy all too vulnerable to supply shocks, whether from pandemics, extreme weather events or geopolitical tensions. The last of these risks seems higher than ever as China adopts an increasingly threatening posture toward Taiwan, whose chipmaker TSMC alone makes up 50 percent of the global market. Meanwhile, President Xi Jinping’s regime has announced a $150 billion program to bolster its own domestic semiconductor industry. This fund, combined with similar offers from nations in Europe and elsewhere, might lure even U.S. firms away from home. Already, TSMC, as well as major American manufacturers Intel and GlobalWafers, have warned they might scale back their plans to construct facilities here if the promised incentives remain on hold. "

washingtonpost.com

SJG

School of Rock AllStar Students perform "Rebel Rebel" by David Bowie. youtube.com

"MST Enhanced Transistor"

"Atomera has created a patented, quantum engineered material called Mears Silicon Technology™ (MST®) which enhances transistors to deliver significantly better performance in today’s electronics." Los Gatos CA and Tempe AZ

"Robert Mears is a recognized pioneer and leading expert in photonics and nano-scale material engineering with more than 30 years’ experience. In the mid-1980’s, Dr. Mears invented and was first to demonstrate the Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), a transformative technology for broadband networks. In 2001 Dr. Mears founded Nanovis LLC (the original predecessor company to Atomera) to leverage his insights into the nano-scale engineering of new materials. Dr. Mears has authored or co-authored approximately 250 publications and patents and is an Emeritus Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, England. Dr. Mears holds B.A and M.A. degrees in Physics from University of Oxford and a Ph.D. in Electronics and Computer Science from the University of Southampton."

SJG

Stones youtube.com

en.wikipedia.org

^ can't find any books. But I know all about Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier

so what is MST?

eeweb.com

Transistors Efficiency Enhanced by a New Quantum-Engineered Material

MST (Mears Silicon Technology) SP (Smart Profile), a proprietary and patented technology that improves the performance of 5V analog transistors by lowering channel on-resistance, was recently announced by Atomera Incorporated.

MST is an epitaxially formed film that consists of a non-semiconductor substance, such as oxygen, placed into a semiconductor material. The basic semiconductor properties and device features such as diffusion blocking, variability, mobility, gate leakage, and reliability are modified or enhanced by epitaxially depositing oxygen within the films (figure 1). (how on earth you would figure this out?)

MST is supported by all major EPI tool makers, according to Atomera, because epitaxial growth is the key to this technology. Engineers at Atomera have a lot of expertise developing MST films with unique properties. These patent-pending epitaxial approaches allow for atomistic epitaxial growth and deposition.

In-house developed techniques and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) metrology can be used to evaluate MST film quality in volume manufacture. “If we think of a transistor as a collection of three optimization points: speed, area, and power density,” Mears explained, “we can actually extract quite a bit more drive current out of the device by applying MST to a transistor with the same device footprint.”

Although it has been optimised for 5V transistors, the technology can be expanded to other voltages, as well. MST SP provides higher Idlin and reduced Lg (0.25µm) for given reliability, enabling a lower Rsp which, in turn, enables up to 20% smaller power devices.

Benefits of MST technology can be easily simulated by using Atomera MSTcad, a tool which accurately models the physical properties, as well as the evolution of the MST process during the manufacturing of semiconductor devices. Results obtained with the MSTcad tool have been confirmed by Atomera on silicon, for accurate integration of MST into semiconductor devices. MSTcad is currently available from Atomera as an add-on for the Sentaurus Process and Device simulation packages, for physical and electrical characterization.

MSTcad is currently available from Atomera as an add-on for the Sentaurus Process and Device simulation packages, for physical and electrical characterization.

TSI foundry tsisemi.com

Roseville CA tsisemi.com

en.wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

This is TSI in Roseville en.wikipedia.org

telefunken.com

SJG

Montrose, KSAN youtube.com

TSI Semi tsisemi.com

7501 Foothills Boulevard Roseville, CA 95747-6504

Very close to Rocklin google.com

Seems to be their place in Roseville google.com

TSI Bod tsisemi.com

their technology partners tsisemi.com

wikimapia.org

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Montrose - Live KSAN Radio Session (Live @ Record Plant, Sausalito, CA, USA 04.21.73.) youtube.com

eeweb.com

synopsys.com

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Sammy Hagar, Fall In Love Again youtube.com

synopsys.com

An advanced multidimensional (1D/2D/3D) device simulator

Advanced Logic Technologies Sentaurus Device simulates advanced logic technologies such as FinFET and FDSOI, including stress engineering, channel quantization effects, hot carrier effects and ballistic transport and many other advanced transport phenomena. Sentaurus Device also supports the modeling of SiGe, SiSn, InGaAs, InSb and other high mobility channel materials and implements highly efficient methods for modeling atomistic and process variability effects.

Compound Semiconductor Technologies: Sentaurus Device can simulate advanced quantization models including rigorous Schrödinger solution and complex tunneling mechanisms for transport of carriers in heterostructure devices like HEMTs and HBTs made from, but not limited to, GaAs, InP, GaN, SiGe, SiC, AlGaAs, InGaAs, AlGaN and InGaN.

Optoelectronic Devices: Sentaurus Device has the capability to simulate the optoelectronic characteristics of semiconductor devices like CMOS image sensors and solar cells. Options within Sentaurus Device also allow for rigorous solution of the Maxwell's wave equation using FDTD methods.

Power Electronic Devices: Sentaurus Device is the most flexible and advanced platform for simulating electrical and thermal effects in a wide range of power devices such as IGBT, power MOS, LDMOS, thyristors, and high-frequency high-power devices made from wide band-gap material like GaN and SiC.

Memory Devices: With advanced carrier tunneling models for gate leakage and trapping de-trapping models, Sentaurus Device can simulate any floating gate device like SONOS and flash memory devices including devices using high-K dielectric.

Radiation Effects: The impact of radiation on semiconductor device operations can be studied with Sentaurus Device. Both single event effects, which include single event upset (SEU) and single event transient (SET), and total ionization dose (TID) effects can be simulated.

MASSIVE BRAIN POWER ADVANCES IN SEMI-CONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY, AND I THINK THIS IS TIED TO THE VENTURE CAPITALISTS LIKE KP GETTING THE FUCK OUT!

synopsys.com

HQ in Mountain View en.wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

old info: Numerical Technologies Headquarter Location 70 West Plumeria Drive

San Jose, California, 95134, United States 408-919-1910

cbinsights.com

Jan 2003, acquired by synopsis crunchbase.com

Numerical Technologies, Inc. develops and markets technologies and software products. The Company designs and manufactures semiconductor devices with subwavelength feature sizes. they mean sub wavelenght of visible light, like "deep submicron"

bloomberg.com

This seems to be some other kind of a company numtech.com

other stuff glassdoor.com

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Sammy Hagar, Fall in Love Again youtube.com

Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy youtube.com

Synopsis QuantumATK - Atomistic Simulation Software synopsys.com

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Sammy Hagar, Fall in Love Again youtube.com

Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy youtube.com

synopsys.com

synopsys.com

QuantumATK is fully supported and delivered in an easy-to-use interface, tailored from state-of-the-art methods, and developed by experts to the specifications of our customers. Atomic-scale modeling tools in QuantumATK range from Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations with either LCAO and plane-wave basis sets to semi-empirical models and classical force fields: conventional and machine-learned. All simulation engines share a common infrastructure for analysis, molecular dynamics and parallel performance techniques.

What is Density Functional Theory (DFT)? Density functional theory (DFT) is a quantum-mechanical atomistic simulation method to compute a wide variety of properties of almost any kind of atomic system: molecules, crystals, surfaces, and even electronic devices when combined with non-equilibrium Green's functions (NEGF).

DFT belongs to the family of first principles (ab initio) methods, so named because they can predict material properties for unknown systems without any experimental input. Among these, DFT has earned popularity due to the relatively low computational effort required.

The DFT approach is widely applied in organic and inorganic chemistry, materials sciences like metallurgy or ceramics, and for electronic materials, to just name a few areas.

A very brief historical background The ground-breaking developments of quantum mechanics in the early 20th century finally provided the answer to many outstanding questions about the nature and properties of the atom. Applying these principles to more complicated systems such as molecules and solid-state materials proved more difficult, however; even in classical physics there is no general solution to a three-body problem (such as the combined orbital motion of the sun, the moon, and the Earth), and to describe just a water molecule we have to deal with ten electrons and three atomic nuclei.

The success and applicability of DFT lies in some very clever realizations in the mid-1960s by Walter Kohn, Pierre Hohenberg, and Lu Jeu Sham. By not focusing on the individual electrons but instead using the electron density as the fundamental variable to solve for, and furthermore reformulating the many-body problem as an equivalent single-particle problem, density functional theory was born.

Over the following decades the method was turned into a practical tool by many contributors, and through the use of powerful numerical computers, DFT became an indispensable tool for materials science, chemistry, and many other fields. Relatively straightforward additions of the spin degree of freedom have enabled the description of magnetic systems, and on top of that, relativistic effects and even superconductivity can be treated.

^ Not for High Energy Physics, but for Industrial Physics this is getting at the Holy Grail, how to treat the electron to electron interactions.

Walter Kohn, Pierre Hohenberg, and Lu Jeu Sham

chemistry.stackexchange.com

en.wikipedia.org

Walter Kohn (German pronunciation: [ˈvaltɐ ˈkoːn]; March 9, 1923 – April 19, 2016)[3] was an Austrian-American theoretical physicist and theoretical chemist. He was awarded, with John Pople, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1998.[4] The award recognized their contributions to the understandings of the electronic properties of materials. In particular, Kohn played the leading role in the development of density functional theory, which made it possible to calculate quantum mechanical electronic structure by equations involving the electronic density (rather than the many-body wavefunction). This computational simplification led to more accurate calculations on complex systems as well as many new insights, and it has become an essential tool for materials science, condensed-phase physics, and the chemical physics of atoms and molecules.[5]

He then accepted the Founding Director's position at the new Institute for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara. He took his position as a professor in the Physics Department at the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1984; where he worked until the end of his life.

web.archive.org

Quantum Chemistry

sciencedirect.com.

en.wikipedia.org

This is an ancient book: Quantum chemistry / by Henry Eyring, John Walter, George E. Kimball. (1948) *

Quantum chemistry / [by] Ira N. Levine (1974) a little big newer *

only 108 pages Quantum chemistry : a concise introduction for students of physics, chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science / Ajit J Thakkar (2014) *

Quantum chemistry : a unified approach / David B. Cook (2012 313p) *

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Sammy Hagar, Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy youtube.com

Well this thread was originally about Power Device Technology. I did drift into talking about the federal America Competes ACT, just because it was on the table. I guess that is pitched at resolving bottle necks, but to me it is more about relaunching a domestic semiconductor industry which has dropped out of a number of applications, leaving us depending on Pacific Rim suppliers.

BiCMOS is not something new, it goes back many decades. The biggest thing about it, AIK, is that it takes lots of processing steps. The growth area instead has turned out to be CMOS using multiple supply voltages, and then just getting higher levels of integration and Application Specific Designs, so that you don't have so much on an off chip stuff. The Bi was supposed to be for going chip to chip. Now stuff runs at lower internal voltages to amount to less power and less heat.

180nm may old, but compared to wavelenghts of light and lithography limits and the need to also vertically scale and to push doping densities up, that is still very challenging.

And then there is the problem of who any of these firms are owned by, and what becomes of them.

I did stumble upon this Atomera and Robert Mears and I decided to find out what I can. And yes I guess you could all that "fancy stuff".

And then the question arises of how they figure this stuff out. And it looks like it comes down the same sorts of numerical quantum mechanics which is being used to develop fancy new magnetic materials.

I agree with you though that the bottlenecks in US production right now depend on other issues. A lot of it has just been the receding profile of our domestic semiconductor industry, and the extent to which it has been picked apart by these overseas interests.

You information is good. Thank you for posting here, and please continue to do so!

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Sammy Hagar, Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy youtube.com

Thanks heaving!

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Heaving, you said that Agilent sold off some fabs. Do you know where they were and what they did? World class digital or more specialized things like precision analog or RF/Microwave/Millimeter wave. Any GaAs or anything like that.

This TSI Semi, in Roseville CA, 200mm wafers. That looks like it probably belonged to one our major chip makers, but then they unloaded it so they could build a new 300mm fab someplace else like AZ or NM.

The equipment will be old, and the lithography will be longer wavelength and coarser.

But for more specialized things like power, analog, mixed signal, and for making the special epi layers Robert J. Mears wants it could be idea. Do you know who it had belonged to?

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Dakota Cohen - Heart - Heartless with the School of Rock 2017 AllStars Team 7 youtube.com

Newshour July 19 youtube.com

Talking about the America Competes Act. Chips used in everything, but these are not made in the US anymore. Most all coming from Taiwan, and some from China.

Want to change this.

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I work in this stuff 10 hours a day. Its really not glamorous or mysterious or worth talking about in one's free time. Its actually pretty boring. I'm sure if someone worked in a morgue and forensic science for example that would be pretty boring after a while but it seems intetesting to me. Plus you get to play with dead bodies which sounds a lot more fun than wafers or PWBs.

Actually there are some really good daily email newsletters about the semiconductor industry if you are serious. I will post them when I am sober. Lol.

^ Yes Dave, that would be really good if you could post that material, those newsletters.

Thanks.

From yesterday, talking about the Chips Shortage and the America Competes Act pbs.org

And so here is Agilent Technologies, name as used now. en.wikipedia.org

And so here is Keysight. en.wikipedia.org

They say Santa Rosa, is this the old HP Microwave Test Equipment site?

PathWave Design PathWave Test oscilloscopes vector network analyzers modular instruments field instruments bench instruments

keysight.com

keysight.com

and so this sold off some fabs?

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EMBEDDED Nvidia continues quantum moves with new QODA framework

fierceelectronics.com

SJG

So Agilent today is: agilent.com

And this seems to be based at the old HP Santa Clara facility.

en.wikipedia.org

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The Pretenders - Hard Rock - 1998 ( quite good and they added a keyboardist) youtube.com

4 days ago: Compromise Version of COMPETES Act Set for Final Votes

aip.org

View the CHIPS+ Legislation

commerce.senate.gov

1054 pages H.R. 4346 commerce.senate.gov

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School of Rock youtube.com

Why it matters that the ‘CHIPS and Science Act’ passed the Senate Mitch McConnell recently threatened to derail a bill on domestic production of computer chips and scientific research. Today, it passed anyway.

As the dust settled, the final tally was 64 to 33, with 17 Republicans voting with the Democratic majority. (The only member of the Democratic conference to oppose the bill was independent Sen. Bernie Sanders of Vermont.)

A Wall Street Journal report added, “Right now, most chips are built abroad, which backers of this legislation say opens the U.S. up to security risks and supply-chain delays. The fund is for technology companies to build, expand or modernize facilities, as well as continue exploration and testing. The bill also creates a 25% investment tax credit for companies that invest in semiconductor manufacturing to further incentivize U.S. companies.”

As for the latter half of the bill’s name, the same legislation makes significant new investments in science and technology research, including $81 billion for the National Science Foundation.

After McConnell’s threat, Schumer called an all-senators classified briefing with Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo on the national security risks of reliance on foreign semiconductors. Multiple senators said afterward that the presentation was concerning and convincing, and Schumer said it was then that McConnell softened his position.

The New York Democrat added that he “must have called 100 CEOs,” including the heads of Ford, Intel, and “people we are not always working with” like the Chamber of Commerce and Business Roundtable — two big business organizations that typically support Republican causes.

“Everyone understood how important this was,” Schumer told Politico. “They called Republican senators and said you’ve got to do this, and they helped get us the necessary number of Republicans.”

The bill now heads to the Democratic-led House, where it will face some opposition from the left, though it’s expected to pass anyway with some GOP support.

(Well I can appreciate why their is some objection to this, but I am still happy it passed. Really an anti-China move. We should not ever let the situation get like this again)

SJG

Seattle, also looking pretty good, much better than San Jose. The key is to get them in stripper shoes, strapped on, painted up, and in skirts or dresses. They they are the equal of strip club, Viet Coffee, or AMP girls. The rest of what they wear does not matter is it won't be staying on very long. youtube.com

youtube.com

tuscl.net

tuscl.net

Gimme Shelter - Rochester School of Rock youtube.com

Jane - School of Rock youtube.com

Grove Blue Organ Trio youtube.com

The Chips and Science Act is 'leveling the playing field,' says Micron CEO youtube.com

ABC News Live: President Biden signs CHIPS and Science ACT youtube.com

President Biden Signs CHIPS and Science Act into Law I LIVE youtube.com

Will the CHIPS Act be good for U.S. manufacturing? Here are both sides of the argument youtube.com

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Josh Aviv CEO of SparkCharge, introducing President Biden youtu.be

afrotech.com

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My take on this:

The US semiconductor industry blew it 40 years ago in the move from the 16K DRAM to the 64k.

There were a number of US and Japanese firms in the race. The Japanese won.

As I read about it back then, there were modelling errors being used in the simulations. The guy who wrote about this was Canadian. I do not remember his name. Maybe someone here knows. He was very well known.

He explained, "There were some basic assumptions made, and the assumptions were wrong. But 95% of the people involved in this effort and doing the simulations did not even know what these assumptions were."

Well that is group think, Strivers, FratBoys, who do things like that.

So the Japanese won. They got the 64k DRAMs and it was only much later that the US firms had something. But then by the next move, 256k, there was no US offering.

This was when the US Semiconductor Firms blew it, and they did it with FratBoys and Stivers.

It was not until Micron started, specifically to address this, that things changed.

Now in the decades since there have been many cycles of change. Some huge fabs going up in Asia. US Venture Capitalists pulling back, and this seems to have helped. But lots of US design houses going fabless.

We need to reverse this.

We need the semiconductor and other solid state technologies for commerce. And we all need them for defense because there is now beginning a huge wave of defense investment in high tech weapons, starting from these Javelin Missiles which are winning the war in Ukraine, and then with the drones.

And what could be going down in Asia could require hypersonic smart weapons and anti-missile missiles. We cannot be bullied by Russia, or by China.

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Josh Aviv On Founding SparkCharge And Making History — 'I Started This Company In My Dorm Room' afrotech.com

linkedin.com

linkedin.com

SparkCharge web site sparkcharge.io

says fast DC charging, which I interpret as going around the vehicles charge control regulation, using larger ground control. But what is the power source and how big and expensive is this?

sparkcharge.io

We have serviced hundreds of EV owners and delivered over 112,000 miles of range since launching in Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Jose, and Dallas.

Contact

SparkCharge 455 Grand Union Blvd Somerville, MA 02145

sparkcharge.io

To me this seems highly questionable, like using Gerry cans to fill your combustion car.

SJG

In My Dreams youtube.com

When Josh Aviv was with Biden, he seemed to me like a probable flim-flam man.

Says each Power Pak gives 3.5 Kwh

I think this serves some need, but Biden was wrong for making this guy part of his signing ceremony. Seems like it is more of a marketing concept than a product.

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In My Dreams youtube.com

China can't afford to counter the CHIPS Act -- yet, experts say asia.nikkei.com

Aug 15 ‘An economic stimulus boon’: Local tech companies seek CHIPS Act money bostonglobe.com

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In My Dreams youtube.com

MASS Group Applauds the Passage and Signing of the CHIPS and Science Act newswire.com

MASS Group, LV Nevada, LA California

massgroup.com

massgroup.com

massgroup.com

massgroup.com

SENSORS How the CHIPS and Science Act impacts chipmakers fierceelectronics.com

Chips Act invests billions in Camas semiconductor industry youtube.com

nLIght, Washington State nlight.net

CHIPS and Science Act of 2022: Strengthening US semiconductor manufactuirng, Micron, Qualcomm, GlobalFoundaries novuslight.com

How the CHIPS Act could benefit New Yorkers spectrumlocalnews.com

Oregon hopes for CHIPS Act money to fund lithography research center oregonlive.com

Thune: CHIPS Act is the wrong approach listen.sdpb.org

video ‘There’s A Lot At Stake Here’: John Cornyn Supports The CHIPS Act youtube.com

Those people running Beijing are absolute idiots:

Tech war: China semiconductor group slams US Chips and Science Act as violation of fair trade, warns of supply chain chaos The China Semiconductor Industry Association denounced the US Chips and Science Act for violating shared principles of fair practices in the sector It condemned the US law for harming the spirit of the World Semiconductor Council’s charter, as well as that of the World Trade Organization

scmp.com

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In My Dreams youtube.com

I don't think this Josh Avi's SparkCHarge idea is a very good one. It is mostly just hype and marketing concept. It draws some attention because it is new.

Some people with EV fleets will want to buy some power paks, just to they don't need to pull out an extension chord, just like repair shops today use those lunch box like boost starters.

But other than that I think his approach is wrong. Better to have a hybrid vehicle. Say a chassis cab pickup truck, diesel. Like the new GM 2.8 liter turbo diesel I4. Have traction motor and big traction alternator. Then have the biggest battery you can carry.

So you can charge up with ground power. Drive out to a call with the diesel running. When you get there you can give them everything in the battery. After you have done a few calls you are using the diesel to charge up and be able to drive off.

The Josh Avi idea is a gimmick

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Hell Is For Children by Pat Benatar youtube.com

live youtube.com

youtube.com

Aisys to Develop Embedded Design Automation for TI Cable Modems eetimes.com

Simu Tech Semiconductors | Ansys SoC Software simutechgroup.com

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School of Rock Stone Free youtube.com

Awesome Orgy Uniform, too good for retail strip clubs tuscl.net