Pulsations of the Known Universe

So what can we find?

nrao.edu

2.1 Meter, and a Direct TV dish nrao.edu

Also Moon Bounce

37 pages, lots of technical info, even using liquid He to cool receiver! rsgbshop.org

Shows how to make a meteorite radar. Not sure if that is legal, it transmits.

Talks about signals from Jupiter. That is interesting because of Jupiter's moons making it interesting visually too.

Periods of the 4 larges moons run from 1.8 to 17 days.

Backyard Radio Astronomy youtube.com

SJG

Ep. 008 - Legends of the Craft: Freemasonry and the Tower of Babel youtube.com

Now this is Le Droit Humaine, Phoenix, and after the Universal Co-Masons separated youtube.com

Ro Khanna: Regime Change Is Not the Answer youtube.com

The Ancient War Between Gnostics and Neoplatonists youtube.com

Apocalypse of the Alien God: Platonism and the Exile of Sethian Gnosticism amazon.com

Apocalypse of the alien god : Platonism and the exile of Sethian gnosticism / Dylan M. Burns (2014)

jeff healey live at nottoden 2006 youtube.com

The Sounds of Space youtube.com

Amateur Radio Telescope using SDR youtube.com

SJG

Radio Astronomy youtube.com

The Milky Way as You’ve Never Seen It Before – AMNH SciCafe youtube.com

BAA Radio Astronomy Group youtube.com

SJG

Yanis Varoufakis: Socialism, Populism, Nationalism and Independence ( Aug 2018 ) youtube.com

Yanis Varoufakis: Has capitalism failed us? ( May 2018 ) youtube.com

Crazy Mini Engines youtube.com

Richard Smoley - The Kabbalah: Key to Hidden Knowledge youtube.com

Shocking Blue - Venus ( live 1969 ) youtube.com

Have You Seen The Saucers - live, 1970 youtube.com

Jupiter and its moons, time lapse youtube.com

SJG

Probably to get super sharp radio resolution, one does need an array of radio telescopes.

SJG

TJ Street c2.staticflickr.com

Jefferson Airplane 5-7-1970 Fillmore East Complete Show youtube.com

Richard Smoley - The Kabbalah: Key to Hidden Knowledge youtube.com

Corrected link to video youtube.com

SJG

Jupiter radio bursts received on 22 Mhz Shortwave July 5th 2016 youtube.com

Jovian Io-B L-bursts recorded at 22.4 MHz and 22.2 MHz July 05 2016 vimeo.com

The Beginner's Guide To Software Defined Radio RTL-SDR youtube.com

SJG

Nooelec, hardware parts for software defined radio, Wheatfield New York nooelec.com

SJG

^^^^^^^^ Very low cost computer based test equipment too!

SJG

37 Page into to Radio Astronomy rsgbshop.org

about 25 Mhz ( 12 meter ) signals coming from Jupiter.

Listening to Jupiter, radio-astronomy.org

w/ links to more info.

SJG

El Chapo's Trial nypost.com

The universe isn't the only thing pulsating right now ;)

Imagine being able to pulsate in unison with deep space objects!

And all from the privacy of your own bedroom temple of the cosmos.

SJG

Sexy Girls World Map ( consider Ecuador and Argentina ) static.boredpanda.com

Argentina argentinaxp.com

Year of the Pig media.gettyimages.com

That does sound hot ;)

It'd be out of this world ;)

^^^^^^ Also triggering a screen show, colored room lights show, and computer composed music.

SJG

In 1967, Polish mercenary Rafal Ganowicz was asked what it felt like to take a human life. He replied: "I don't know, I've only ever killed communists"

Pulsars

youtube.com

SJG

Alvin Lee – The Bluest Blues youtube.com

600 Mhz signal, with period a bit less than one second, as it is spinning quickly.

But they seem to have a large dish, how big does it need to be?

SJG

The End of Work and the Case for Universal Basic Income Andy Stern, former President of the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), author of Raising the Floor: How a Universal Basic Income Can Renew Our Economy and Rebuild the American Dream, and Senior Fellow at Columbia University's Center for Business, Law, and Public Policy youtube.com

How Ayn Rand Became a Hero to Right Wing Nerds -- Thom Hartmann youtube.com

Alec Baldwin: Trump's 'SNL' Attack May Be 'A Threat To My Safety' yahoo.com

Kim Kardashian yahoo.com

Thierry Mugler en.wikipedia.org muglerusa.com livingly.com

Intimidation, Pressure and Humiliation: Inside Trump’s Two-Year War on the Investigations Encircling Him -- New York Times nytimes.com

Venus, Shocking Blue, actually live, with only what you see on stage, and not hamming for the camera, quite good, a coffee house grade performance youtube.com

Alvin Lee – The Bluest Blues youtube.com

JEFF BECK -Brush With the Blues youtube.com

Joe Bonamassa - I'll Play The Blues For You youtube.com

Radio astronomy parabola project youtube.com

SJG

Losing Arguments with Your Wife After Her Brain Surgery - Jim Gaffigan youtube.com

A most impressive article:

nytimes.com

The origins of freemasonry : facts & fictions / Margaret C. Jacob. (2006)

Ending the Punishment of Poverty: Supreme Court Rules Against High Fines & Civil Asset Forfeiture democracynow.org

Frances Fox Piven, Professor of Political Science and Sociology at the Graduate Center, CUNY youtube.com

amazon.com

NOLO, Bourbon Street doxyspotting.com

AZTECA youtube.com

Peter Green - In The Skies ( Full Album ) 1979 youtube.com

youtube.com

I love the smell of napalm in the morning youtube.com

Music Via Radio Telescope youtube.com

SJG

Love For Sale ( cover of Billy Holiday ) youtube.com

Sunday on the Front Stoop; 'Critical Path', What was Buckminster Fuller trying to tell us? youtube.com

doxyspotting.com

doxyspotting.com

Pablo Sender - The Secret Doctrine: Part 1 - How to Study The Secret Doctrine youtube.com

James Phillips - Secrets of Adepts: An Introduction youtube.com

House Votes to Block Trump National Emergency Declaration ( tally means this must have been bipartisan, so it then could pass the Senate. Walls take time to build. So the idea that you build it by declaring a National Emergency is preposterous.) democracynow.org

Backyard Radio Astronomy olasu.com.uy

SJG

Kenneth Grant & Typhonian References youtube.com

Bernie Sanders Kicks Off 2020 Run in Brooklyn, New York

Sen. Rand Paul Likely to Oppose Nat’l Emergency in Decisive Vote

democracynow.org

Metallica - Ain't My Bitch youtube.com

Master of Puppets youtube.com

Metallica - Bleeding Me youtube.com youtube.com

Thin Lizzy Full Concert U K 1983 youtube.com

Lol. I have not ventured into Amateur Radio Astronomy, but I am a HAM Radio Operator. Moon bounce and meteor bounce are real techniques to get signals around the world when the conditions are right. Even using the aurora borealis (Northern Lights) can assist in scatter propagation of Radio waves. The entire universe is one big WAVE.

Awesome!

Do you use basic antennae, moderate directionallity, or have you ever looked into multiple element phased arrays.

For Moon and meteor bounce are you actually able to do this with VHF, what band, and how much power?

SJG

Using MATLAB for phased arrays

mathworks.com

SJG

MATLAB - Mathworks, has lots and lots of good stuff. But MATLAB too expensive and too proprietary in my view.

mathworks.com

SJG

Matlab / Simulink looks impressive. But it is still possible to do better. They are both old products now.

SJG

STFU, SJG! ^^^

You do realize out of 26 comments on this thread, that you have over 20 of them? You sure like talking to yourself!

This forum will expand in scope if threads can stay open. Lots of people want to talk outside of the usual PL envelope. They don't stick around though. And you Gassagain have often been part of the problem.

SJG

I just missed the ISS Sunday,March 17th on 144.49 in ITU Region 2. Flew over at 5:42 am. Could see the damn thing shoot across the sky, but did not have my radio on. Met 5 former astronauts on Saturday the 16th and they informed me that the space station was going to fly over at 5:45 am. They were 3 minutes early.

^^^^ have a link about this?

SJG

A link about the ISS? Or a link about the 5 astronauts?

both!

SJG

@SJG Do you suppose the Symbionese Liberation Army members were pulsating when they were pumping loads of semen into Patty Hearst’s various orifices?

^^^^^^ Sounds like JAprufrock wants to be gang raped himself.

SJG

Mathworks: mathworks.com

Quite broad, but it is still possible to do better!

SJG

Modeling quantum processes in classical molecular dynamics simulations of dense plasmas iopscience.iop.org

SJG

D-day Broadcast 1 youtube.com

NBC broadcast, first London confirmation youtube.com

Shit. I forget to give you the lowdown on the event I attended. The panelists were...

Charles Walker Richard Richards Linda Goodwin Jerry Ross Bob Kelso

Grissom family Scott Grissom Mark Grissom Lowell Grissom

It was fucking AWESOME!

They talked about how the space walks were, how the took a shit, how they got to see nightband day 16 x a day due to the fact the circled the earth every 90 minutes. Pretty cool actually.

How did they take a shit? Asking for a friend.

Lol. Very carefully. They actually had shit bags that stuck to their asses. When done, they had to remember to clamp the bag shut lest the shit float away into their airspace. The astronaut describing it actually got his ass stuck i the shutter airlock between space and shitter. There was some sort of break in the shitter seal. Something that CrazyJoe would likely relate too.

^^^^LMAO. I was only half-joking. But how does a question like that even come up in that setting? Kudos to the guy for answering it in detail.

Nidian, sounds like a really cool event!

SJG

Universe - Universe 1971 (FULL ALBUM) [Hard | Blues Rock] youtube.com

So Nidan, in your HAM Radio works, do you ever use phased array antennae, being able to re-aim just by changing phases? For transmitting, receiving, or both?

SJG

No. However, my Elmer is an antenna genius. The most intense that I have currently used is a simple YAGI antenna. I just recently got my General Class and am beginning to study up on what I need for various wave propagation. I am most interested in near vertical incidence skywave propagation so that I can communicate within the states around mountains. My main use at this time is so that I can call for help if I get stuck in my backwoods travels when I drive to remote locations to consult. Those locations have zero cell phone reception, but I can generally hook up to a HAM Repeater Station.

2015 Universe Documentary Clockwork and Creation & Frozen Wanderers youtube.com

SJG

Well, you know that mostly because of digital technology, there are more possibilities for sophisticated HAM phased array design. You could have RF transceiver heads with each antenna element, and it could all be down converted and digitized right in these heads. So the final summation could occur in your all digital and computer controlled base station. And it could work both ways.

For a General Class license it used to be 13 WPM code. Still true? Do you practice much, and do you like to use Morse Code? It is known that with the right filtering, code ( CW ) can use a very narrow band.

Some say that by the technology standards of today though, the HAM radio modulation schemes are way out of date. Most stuff today is spread spectrum, the mathematics supports this, and it does work wonders.

SJG

Grace Potter and Joe Satriani cover Cortez the Killer
youtube.com

Dave Matthews and Warren Hayes youtube.com

Morse Code is no longer required for any class HAM License. Yes it takes very small band to operate CW. I have not learned it, but perhaps will some day. It is a skill that that I would like to learn. My primary reason for acquiring the license is to be able to practice on the Amateur Frequency Bands so that I will be capable of doing so if communications ever go down. Many non HAMs think that using a HAM Radio is as simple as using a walkie talkie. The problem with that mentality is that the one needs to understand how to find the frequency on which to communicate, understand the repeater systems, know how to communicate via various antennas with regard to terrain, etc. I am still new in this and have little time to engage, but am at least trying to keep my hands in it so that I can function if need be. I keep a very basic setup with me at all times so that I can at least get communication out if I get stranded. A simple j pole antenna and a ground plane antenna is what I carry with me. I can hoist them up high using my bow and arrow to get the height needed for simplex or repeater connection when out in the boonies.

I haven't looked at licensing reqs in a long time.

So do you just need to pass the theory and rules written test for the General Class License?

So do you have a technician license now? Does that restrict you to VHF only? Always seemed a problem to me, as Novices would use CW on HF.

When I was talking about a modernized phased array system I was envisioning HF. FCC has such for monitoring HAM HF.

SJG

reddit.com

3.5Ghz, is this what these new WiFi routers are using? fcc.gov

SJG

urbandictionary.com

TOP DEFINITION san jose guy A chump who enjoys GFE make out sessions in the front room of local strip clubs. He also enjoys Hungry Man dinners while sitting in his footy pajamas in his mother’s basement. A victim of brain erosion due to chronic masturbation. I just enjoyed a great San Jose Guy experience! My cock is sore, and my tongue is burned (from my Hungry Man dinner), and my mom is upset because I got jizz on the mashed potatoes. by Cashman1234 October 29, 2017

Here they talk about ham radio phased arrays kh6jrm.blogspot.com

SJG

And this is in Hawaii. So far from land, seems like a cool place for amateur radio.

bigislandarrlnews.com

SJG

I believe that the FCC has a 386 based monitoring phased array for the HF Ham bands. Not sure where it is, or how to get more info about it. The idea of having an RF transceiver head on each element, then all under synchronized digital control is very interesting to me.

SJG

“So do you just need to pass the theory and rules written test for the General Class License?”

YES. Technician Class, General Class, Amateur Extra Class. Basics 35 question test for Tech and General, 50 Question for Amateur Extra. Tech mainly limited to 2m and 70 cm,VHF\UHF, but can use CW on 10,15,40,and 80 meter band.

I have a General License, studying for AE License which gets heavy into the antennas.

Phased array system would be good for any band I would think. Although, it seems it would be excellent for long distance (DX) on HF.

As far as the FCC Monitoring it on the Amateur frequency’s... they pretty much leave that up to the HAM OPERATORS to self monitor each other. Not sure about the 386 you referenced.

HAM Radio on any island is very cool. There are some Advanced HAM operators who travel to remote islands just so they can log contacts from their mobile setups on those islands.

So maybe they dumped Novice Class? Used to be 5wpm, but a simpler test than for Technican, also 5wpm.

Phased arrays, because of solid state and digital, you could have dedicated digitally run transceiver heads for each element.

FCC monitors 20 meters with something like this. Not sure where it is or how to find out about it.

SJG

Yes, they dumped novice class. They only have Technician, General and Amateur Extra now.

I think that is better, that is, unless one thinks one should still have to demonstrate Morse code proficiency.

The technical class had been a kind of trap, locking one into VHF, forcing them out of HF.

SJG

I think the technician class license is a good starting point to get some basic air time learning how to CQ. Learn the ins and outs of repeaters and how to use a basic radio setup. Many non HAMs think that Operating a HAM Radio is as simple as a walkie talkie. Not so.

My knowledge of such goes back to the days of vacuum tubes, permeability tuning, and Morse Code. But many got stuck at the Technican Level, blocked from getting back on the HF Bands.

So as they don't require Morse Code anymore, dropping Novice Class is probably a good move.

SJG

Out of curiosity, why did you stop?

Well Nidan111, I've done lots and lots of things. But with most I have yet to progress as far as I might.

As far as taking questions about myself, I have very sensitive and all encompassing responsibilities. Its almost like I am running my own CIA. So I do not ever rule anything in or out.

SJG

Trying to find out about FCC phased array monitoring stations for HAM bands, like 20 meters.

forums.qrz.com

forums.qrz.com

old 1996 post groups.google.com

FCC Amateur Radio Service fcc.gov

Guy has one for 30 meters and 40 meters, is 60 meters by 300 meters, and uses mile of wire for a ground screen. Not sure how the drive works, doesn't sound like active digital direct to each element. But does somehow get rid of interference, likely by filtering and somehow subtracting.

nk7z.net

SJG

Richard Smoley, always good youtube.com

Sun, Sand, Prostitutes? Dominican Republic has legal prostitution youtube.com

Holy shit, Batman! That guy is one serious HAM RADIO OPERATOR! Yeah, I do not see myself going that intricate. I do applaud his dedication.

^^^^ Impressive, but I think even more could be done with today's technology, and for people who have enough land.

You get the idea, good antenna gain, no physical movement.

The FCC monitors ham bands that way, though I have not found specific info.

SJG

I’m not so sure the FCC spends a lot of time monitoring the Amateur bands. The HAM OPERATORS are such a geeky group that they Police their own fairly well. They will fox hunt anyone who is continuously breaking protocol and FCC rules. Unless, of course the CIA or NSA has some interest in such, which is entirely possible.

I understand, but people have written about an 80386 based phased array system which FCC uses to police the crowded 20 meters. Still looking for more info about this, if it is still in use.

I would guess that it uses 1/4 wave length verticals, so 5 meters high, I guess.

The problem with the old license system was that people might start as Novices, 5 wpm, and CW HF only, and crystal controlled.

Then they would become Technicians, also 5wpm requirement, and they would get stuck on voice VHF.

Many never would make it to General, 13 wpm, Advanced 13wpm, or Extra, 20wpm.

So Technician became a trap, and Novice was something many did not like.

Though Heathkit made their legendary HW-101's with a single 6146B tube, to do the 75 watts, CW only, crystal controlled transmitting.

As they have dumped the Morse Code requirement, good that they dumped the Novice License class.

Thank you for your very good information.

SJG

P.S. In ARRL books they explained about how long ago an FCC inspector was visiting the home of a HAM with a nice rig. He used double sideband AM, and this meant the old full power modulator tube. He was talking to someone voice, and the modulator tube failed. So he continued talking with CW.

The inspector was so impressed that it was decided to make all HAMs demonstrate CW proficiency for all time. So this is the reason given.

But though I kind of think CW is neat, it does mean far less people getting licenses.

Do you ever communicate CW? How many wpm do you think?

I do not communicate CW. I would be very slow. However, I have 2 HAM Friends who are quite proficient. One who got his license in the 60’s as a teenager and one who is ex Navy Submarine Radio Man.

Interesting about the CW mandate. I could see how learning CW could be absolutely beneficial in times of war or disorder. I would have to jot down every sequence and then refer to a chart, but I think I could decipher if push came to shove. I would work through it.

It's not that hard to learn. Learn by listening to a training tape.

Learning to send at moderate speeds is less difficult that learning to receive. Standard straight key works just fine. Need a little training audio oscillator. Also nice if you can make your own training tapes.

I had installed two RCA connectors on a telephone, to send and receive stuff over the phone.

Had old WWII surplus general coverage radio receiver too, up to 30Mhz.

You know Edison made this thing which could send multiple Morse code signals at once. And then modern digital, is the continuation of Morse code.

Probably a negative to make people learn Morse code for a HAM license today. But I still think it is kind of neat. If you use some transmit filtering you can go very narrow bandwidth. And an output stage can put out more power if it is CW only.

SJG

Well, you just sparked my interest enough to actually do this. Thanks.

Learn Morse code, its not that hard? Or you mean build a phased array antenna?

SJG

Lol. Learn CW. I have no desire to get that involved with antenna production.

They have you learn the alphabet in stages. And you know its designed around the English Language Frequency Table, those letters used most have the shortest codes.

People who are good at it are actually hearing whole words.

Learn to receive some first, sending is then comparatively easy. Simple straight key to start with. In my view, you never need anything more.

youtube.com

Ham radio gear had been simpler and lower cost. People often built from scratch, or built kits. ARRL books always had lots of good projects. Worth having all the editions of all the books they have ever published. Their basic manual was outstanding. For the patient reader, you really could learn electronics just from their intro chapter.

radioremembered.org

Does CW and Single Sideband, but not AM. AM would make too much of a steady state output stage demand.

With CW and AM ( double sideband with carrier ) can be done with a class C power amplifier. The latter will then need a full power modulator, but that is only audio frequency. Much greater thermal efficiency in the class C amp, so much less needed for the final elements.

But SSB is more complicated to generate, and so then you need to have a linear output stage. Much lower thermal efficiency. Makes it all into a bigger scale project.

As sophisticated SSB rigs with very fine tuning and sophisticated filtering and multiple conversions proliferated, it went beyond the capabilities of the amateur builder.

Some people were still building linear power booster amps though.

SJG

Montrose - Live KSAN Radio Session (Live @ Record Plant, Sausalito, CA, USA 04.21.73.) youtube.com

youtube.com

Space Station #5 youtube.com

Some of the newer high priced HF rigs, even go up to 50Mhz. All under digital control, two frequencies at a time. All digital controls, all digital display, all can be computer controlled. Lowest IF and baseband all digital.

So why not just make a box with no controls and do it all by an external computer?

There are some of these on the market now.

SJG

Stephan Hoeller youtube.com

So as there are some rigs with no controls or indicators, just done by computer,and the base band and most of the IF are all digital, how about the next step, where the RF elements go out at the base of the antenna?

SJG

King Crimson - Live in Hyde Park (1969) - Complete Performance youtube.com

So with the RF elements of a largely digital system, out at the base of the antenna, what is the next step? The phased array version, multiple RF heads, mostly digital, but some common RF equalized line length signals.

Imagine how well this would work that that kind of antenna gain.

SJG

So would 1/4 wave vertical dipoles be best, say for 20 meters?

Or is their too much loss considering that most of those one would be communicating with would be using 1/2 wave horizontal dipoles? Making a phased array with horizontal 1/2 wave would be more complex and it would take more space.

This is why I want to see how the FCC did it for monitoring.

SJG

Some have said that HAM Radio is behind the times. Are you allowed to send digital data, teletext over the HAM bands?

arrl.org

arrl.org

Yes, they seem to, more and more small bands allocated. And some special stuff.

But most allow this RTTY/Data

Yes, they have this new PSK31.

But then this RTTY/Data goes way back.

arrl.org

So the answer is a definitive yes, but there are rules, and also rules about utilization.

SJG

White Girl youtube.com

The B-52's - "Rock Lobster" (Countdown 1980) youtube.com

the B-52's - Give Me Back My Man youtube.com

The B-52's - Roam (Official Music Video) youtube.com

The B-52's - Rock Lobster (Official Music Video) youtube.com

The B 52s With the Wild Crowd! Live In Athens, GA 2011 youtube.com

en.wikipedia.org

Garbage - Stupid Girl (Live "Album De La Semaine" 2012) youtube.com

So in this era of Internet and Cell Phones, sounds like the allocated HAM bands are even more crowded than ever.

Though I have read accounts of rudeness, like what is common on the Internet, on 20 meters.

Universal Licensing System arrl.org

FCC Site fcc.gov

Only 3 current license classes, no morse code requirement fcc.gov

Here they talk about commercial and maritime licensing arrl.org

fcc.gov

sounds like you don't need any license to repair citizen's band radio gear. Used to need this.

Icom HAM transceiver

gigaparts.com

Very cheap, 40 ch 4 W CB radio. grainger.com!

gigaparts.com

en.wikipedia.org Yeah, 40 channels. As I had seen, crystal controlled. Better to do digital synthesis, in my opinion, so just one crystal.

11 meters.

But now they also have this 49Mhz and something on UHF. One of these is called Family Radio Service.

Bummer! mercurynews.com

Also lost the Digital Guru Bookstore out there!

SJG

A Clockwork Orange, ending youtube.com

Garbage - Vow youtube.com

The Trick Is To Keep Breathing youtube.com

Automatic Systemic Habit youtube.com

Cream White Room youtube.com

Garbage - Milk youtube.com

So we have HAM bands all the way up to 300Ghz ( 1 cm ). And then above that anything goes?

So there will also be other types of licensed uses in these ranges.

So in this age of satellites and fiber optics, I want to look at terrestrial microwave and milimeter wave.

So I am not talking about remote sensing or radar, I am talking about communications, and this will nowadays be digital.

slideshare.net

Using parabolic dish and low gigahertz, most common form of long distance communications. (So I assume this means over satellite, fiber, or copper.

EHF en.wikipedia.org

30 to 300 gigahertz

Compared to lower bands, radio waves in this band have high atmospheric attenuation: they are absorbed by the gases in the atmosphere. Therefore, they have a short range and can only be used for terrestrial communication over about a kilometer. Absorption by humidity in the atmosphere is significant except in desert environments, and attenuation by rain (rain fade) is a serious problem even over short distances. However the short propagation range allows smaller frequency reuse distances than lower frequencies. The short wavelength allows modest size antennas to have a small beam width, further increasing frequency reuse potential.

In the United States, the band 36.0 – 40.0 GHz is used for licensed high-speed microwave data links, and the 60 GHz band can be used for unlicensed short range (1.7 km) data links with data throughputs up to 2.5 Gbit/s. It is used commonly in flat terrain.

The 71–76, 81–86 and 92–95 GHz bands are also used for point-to-point high-bandwidth communication links. These higher frequencies do not suffer from oxygen absorption, but require a transmitting license in the US from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). There are plans for 10 Gbit/s links using these frequencies as well. In the case of the 92–95 GHz band, a small 100 MHz range has been reserved for space-borne radios, limiting this reserved range to a transmission rate of under a few gigabits per second.[6]

A CableFree MMW link installed in the UAE installed for Safe City applications, providing 1Gbit/s capacity between sites. The links are fast to deploy and have a lower cost than fibre optics. The band is essentially undeveloped and available for use in a broad range of new products and services, including high-speed, point-to-point wireless local area networks and broadband Internet access. WirelessHD is another recent technology that operates near the 60 GHz range. Highly directional, "pencil-beam" signal characteristics permit different systems to operate close to one another without causing interference. Potential applications include radar systems with very high resolution.

The Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11ad operates in the 60 GHz (V band) spectrum to achieve data transfer rates as high as 7 Gbit/s.

Uses of the millimeter wave bands include point-to-point communications, intersatellite links, and point-to-multipoint communications. There are tentative plans to use millimeter waves in future 5G mobile phones.[7] In addition, use of millimeter wave bands for vehicular communication is also emerging as an attractive solution to support (semi-)autonomous vehicular communications.[8]

Shorter wavelengths in this band permit the use of smaller antennas to achieve the same high directivity and high gain as larger ones in lower bands. The immediate consequence of this high directivity, coupled with the high free space loss at these frequencies, is the possibility of a more efficient use of frequencies for point-to-multipoint applications. Since a greater number of highly directive antennas can be placed in a given area, the net result is greater frequency reuse, and higher density of users. The high usable channel capacity in this band might allow it to serve some applications that would otherwise use fiber-optic communication.

old book, Artech House, 1989 Terrestrial digital microwave communications / Ferdo Ivanek, editor.

SJG

The Not-So-Great Reason Divorce Rates Are Declining Atlantic getpocket.com

The above 1989 book does look good. But since I am not getting as much new info as I would like. Let me look for a different kind of info, from the commercial sphere.

Here, looks like a trade magazine:

rfwireless-world.com

SJG

What distances does terrestrial microwave typically cover, and understanding that it has to be line of sight?

Talking about low gigahertz and for a few miles between repeater stations. Wonder if that is really the max range?

vclab.tu-sofia.bg

Otherwise you tend to get into leased lines, and I guess fiber.

And here they talk about spread spectrum. vclab.tu-sofia.bg

SJG

microwave-link.com

Modern Microwave Links can carry up to 400Mbps in a 56MHz channel using 256QAM modulation and IP header compression techniques. Operating Distances for microwave links are determined by antenna size (gain), frequency band, and link capacity. The availability of clear Line of Sight is crucial for Microwave links for which the Earth’s curvature has to be allowed

Microwave signals are often divided into three categories: ultra high frequency (UHF) (0.3-3 GHz); super high frequency (SHF) (3-30 GHz); and extremely high frequency (EHF) (30-300 GHz). In addition, microwave frequency bands are designated by specific letters. The designations by the Radio Society of Great Britain are given below. Microwave frequency bands Designation Frequency range L band 1 to 2 GHz S band 2 to 4 GHz C band 4 to 8 GHz X band 8 to 12 GHz Ku band 12 to 18 GHz K band 18 to 26.5 GHz Ka band 26.5 to 40 GHz Q band 30 to 50 GHz U band 40 to 60 GHz V band 50 to 75 GHz E band 60 to 90 GHz W band 75 to 110 GHz F band 90 to 140 GHz D band 110 to 170 GHz

The term “P band” is sometimes used for ultra high frequencies below the L-band. For other definitions, see Letter Designations of Microwave Bands

Lower Microwave frequencies are used for longer links, and regions with higher rain fade. Conversely, Higher frequencies are used for shorter links and regions with lower rain fade.

Rain fade refers primarily to the absorption of a microwave radio frequency (RF) signal by atmospheric rain, snow or ice, and losses which are especially prevalent at frequencies above 11 GHz. It also refers to the degradation of a signal caused by the electromagnetic interference of the leading edge of a storm front. Rain fade can be caused by precipitation at the uplink or downlink location. However, it does not need to be raining at a location for it to be affected by rain fade, as the signal may pass through precipitation many miles away, especially if the satellite dish has a low look angle. From 5 to 20 percent of rain fade or satellite signal attenuation may also be caused by rain, snow or ice on the uplink or downlink antenna reflector, radome or feed horn. Rain fade is not limited to satellite uplinks or downlinks, it also can affect terrestrial point to point microwave links (those on the earth’s surface).

Possible ways to overcome the effects of rain fade are site diversity, uplink power control, variable rate encoding, receiving antennas larger (i.e. higher gain) than the required size for normal weather conditions, and hydrophobic coatings.

Diverse Path Resilient Failover

In terrestrial point to point microwave systems ranging from 11 GHz to 80 GHz, a parallel backup link can be installed alongside a rain fade prone higher bandwidth connection. In this arrangement, a primary link such as an 80GHz 1 Gbit/s full duplex microwave bridge may be calculated to have a 99.9% availability rate over the period of one year. The calculated 99.9% availability rate means that the link may be down for a cumulative total of ten or more hours per year as the peaks of rain storms pass over the area. A secondary lower bandwidth link such as a 5.8 GHz based 100 Mbit/s bridge may be installed parallel to the primary link, with routers on both ends controlling automatic failover to the 100 Mbit/s bridge when the primary 1 Gbit/s link is down due to rain fade. Using this arrangement, high frequency point to point links (23GHz+) may be installed to service locations many kilometers farther than could be served with a single link requiring 99.99% uptime over the course of one year.

•Backbone links and “Last Mile” Communication for cellular network operators •Backbone links for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and Wireless ISPs (WISPs) •Corporate Networks for Building to Building and campus sites •Telecommunications, in linking remote and regional telephone exchanges to larger (main) exchanges without the need for copper/optical fibre lines. •Broadcast Television with HD-SDI and SMPTE standards

Microwave Links are a valuable tool in Mobile Carrier Backhaul: Microwave technology can be deployed to provide traditional PDH 16xE1/T1, STM-1 and STM-4, and Modern IP Gigabit Ethernet backhaul connectivity and Greenfield mobile networks. Microwave is far quicker to install and lower Total Cost of Ownership for Cellular Network Operators compared to deploying or leasing fibre optic networks

Cable Free, Oxford UK, lots of products cablefree.net

4G LTE 4g-lte.net

Gigabit Wireless gigabit-wireless.com

Olive Tree Suite, Oxford olivetreesuite.com

Terrestrial Microwave science.blurtit.com

reference.com

SJG

193km, and at 6Ghz

blog.aviatnetworks.com

I guess over water is more difficult, due to humidity losses, but it is also a way to get a long line of site, if you have high enough towers or mountains.

Aviat aviatnetworks.com

Based in Milpitas CA, but with offices all kinds of other places.

en.wikipedia.org

SJG

Talked to a friend who worked in terrestrial microwave digital links. He says 60 mile range typical, on top of 10 story building with an extra 5 stories worth of tower.

Does that give you line of sight for 60 miles.

Over water, ships vanish after about 10 miles.

SJG

Hey, if I were Governor of California, I would not mind taking her to Africa: youtube.com

World's Longest, and over water too.

blog.aviatnetworks.com

Honduras Site A, “Las Cruces,” is at 1600 meters above mean sea level and Site B, “Dixon Hill,” at 250 meters on Roatan Island.

Not sure if this will show here, but seems to run from mountain far inland to island. Used for air traffic control.

google.com

SJG

See "Coxen", air strip on edge of island.

google.com

SJG

Don't know how much people run fiber underwater, and about the costs.

I guess other way is just voice radio. Digital network is better.

SJG

In my opinion, what we then know as wireless communications has severe limits.

1. Line of sight restriction, cuts down distance. 120 mile microwave link is over water and between mountains. Usually only half that.

2. If you have ionospheric skip, probably ghosting ruins high speed data.

3. Laser beam very weather limited.

4. Satellites work, but very expensive to use. Maybe Musk can launch more, but still very expensive.

So we end up with fiber on land and fiber under the water.

SJG

So with these limitations on line of sight, or on problems caused by skip, or weather limits on mmWave, Infrared, or optical lasers, not seeing how this will ever be transcended. Not via our physics.

Some kind of Meta Physics, vastly higher energy levels, higher dimensions?

Maybe lots of lower altitude satellites, zipping past over our heads.

blog.aviatnetworks.com

6GHz, QPSK, 40 Mbps, 193-km path in Honduras

The measured unfaded link RBER (Residual Bit Error Rate) performance test showed a result of 1×10-13, or just one bit error for every trillion bits received. This level of error performance is equivalent to what you would expect if you connected two Eclipse terminals on a bench, directly connected by a cable!

All Outdoor Radio aviatnetworks.com

E-Band, 80 Ghz youtube.com

Dual band does 10 Gbits/second

up to 8km range.

for the "5G capacity challenge"

Single integrated Multi-Band radio includes single channel 80 GHz plus a single or dual-channel microwave (6-42 GHz) support in one self-contained and integrated outdoor unit.

But their 80Ghz system can do 20Gbits/second

High Power Radios, 5x more transmit power aviatnetworks.com

SJG

Satellite versus Terrestrial rfwireless-world.com

Types of orbits, Geosync, two elipticals which can complement it, and then a low one for radiometry.

SJG

5G Tutorial, Software Defined Radio (SDR) 10 Gbits/second peak data transfer rate.

rfwireless-world.com

SJG

Researching the origins of the Ricks, meetings held at Farben Haus in Frankfurt, end of 1943. They knew that there was no way to prevail, not with the Soviet Union on one front and the United States on the other. tuscl.net

Did Jesus Die for E.T.’s Sins? tuscl.net

Wooking for any available guard dog 🐕 jobs tuscl.net

Should we admit dogs? A rick conundrum tuscl.net

is skibum’s real name fred? tuscl.net

Nietzsche's Task: An Interpretation of Beyond Good and Evil amazon.com

Tom Petty And The Heartbreakers - I Won't Back Down (Official Music Video) youtube.com

Chords tabs.ultimate-guitar.com

Time Has Come Today(Chambers Brothers-Long Version) youtube.com

Why you so busy making stupid discussion?

I make you feel like real man!

rfwireless-world.com

2G stands for 2nd generation wireless technologies,for example GSM standard falls under this category.

3G stands for 3rd generation wireless technologies, for example CDMA,HSPA falls under this category.

rfwireless-world.com

3G vs 4G

RF Frequency Band About 1.8 to 2.5GHz About 2-8 GHz RF Bandwidth 5-20 MHz 100 MHz and more. Data rate 384 kbps- 2 Mbps 20-100Mbps in mobile

rfwireless-world.com 4G vs 5G

Peak Data Rate 1 Gbps 10 Gbps Data Bandwidth 2Mbps to 1Gbps 1Gbps and higher as per need Spectral Efficiency 30 b/s/Hz 120 b/s/Hz

Holy Shit!

SJG

Why The Space Shuttle Was Doomed From The Start

youtube.com

SJG

^^^^^ The above video makes clear what I have always known, that the Space Shuttle's abject failure was because the orbiter was way too big. It was this which meant that all launch and reentry issues were beyond realistic capabilities.

The big orbiter was because they wanted to be able to bring big things out of orbit.

But other than human life, not much worth the cost of bringing things out of orbit.

They did say that when NASA had to start working with the Air Force and the CIA, the shuttle got bigger, as they had communications and spy satellites they want to bring back down.

They say that the concept for the shuttle did come from Wernher von Braun, a project paperclip Nazi. And that it was during the heights of the cold war.

What the above video does not say, which should be obvious, was that the space shuttle was intended to serve in the cold war as bomber planes were. A load of nuclear weapons would be sent up with a crew. Then it could be brought back down. Presumable another would be sent up during that time.

Bringing these weapons up, and then back down, is why the orbiter is so big, and hence why it was a totally failed program.

What they have to take its place now is small, just room for like 8 people, nothing else. Built by Boeing.

SJG

CPRI Specification V1.4 cpri.info

Millimeter Wave Links cablefree.net

SJG

cablefree.net

So this shows the windows for good transmission, I think?

i0.wp.com

57 – 66GHz: The 60GHz Millimeter Wave Band or V-Band is governed by OFCOM for licensed operation. The large amount of signal absorption via atmospheric oxygen and tight regulations make this frequency band more suited to short range, Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint Millimetre Wave solutions. Between 57 – 64GHz the band is licensed and regulated but from 64 – 66GHz the band is unlicensed and self coordinated.

71 – 76GHz and 81 – 86GHz: The 70GHz and 80GHz Millimeter Wave Bands or E-Bands are governed by OFCOM for licensed operation only and are regarded to be the most suited band for Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint, Millimeter Wave Wireless Networking and communication transmission. Each band has a 5GHz spectral range available which totals to be more than all other assigned frequency bands added together. Each 5GHz range can act as a single contiguous wireless transmission channel allowing very efficient use of the whole band and in turn these result in high throughput speeds from 1 to 3 Gbps whilst only using simple modulation techniques such as OOK (On-Off-Keying) or BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying). These throughput speeds are substantially higher than those found in lower frequencies using much more complex and advanced orders of modulation so even higher throughput speeds should be achieved with Millimetre Wave devices when utilising the same advanced techniques. It should be only a matter time before market demand brings these to the forefront.

In the US, an additional band is available as well as the above which is:

92 – 95GHz: The 94GHz Millimeter Wave Band or W-Band is governed by the FCC Part 15 for unlicensed operation also but only for indoor usage. It may also be used to outdoor Point-to-Point applications following the FCC Part 101 regulations but due to a range between 94 – 94.1GHz being excluded, the band is less spectrally efficient than the others.

The 71-76, 81-86 and 92-95 GHz bands are also used for point-to-point high-bandwidth communication links. These frequencies, as opposed to the 60 GHz frequency, do not suffer from the effects of oxygen absorption, but require a transmitting license in the US from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). There are plans for 10 Gbit/s links using these frequencies as well. In the case of the 92–95 GHz band, a small 100 MHz range has been reserved for space-borne radios, making this reserved range limited to a transmission rate of under a few gigabits per second.

The band is essentially undeveloped and available for use in a broad range of new products and services, including high-speed, point-to-point wireless local area networks and broadband Internet access. WirelessHD is another recent technology that operates near the 60 GHz range. Highly directional, “pencil-beam” signal characteristics permit different systems to operate close to one another without causing interference. Potential applications include radar systems with very high resolution.

The upcoming Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11ad will run on the 60 GHz (V band) spectrum with data transfer rates of up to 7 Gbit/s.

Uses of the millimeter wave bands include point-to-point communications, intersatellite links, and point-to-multipoint communications.

Because of shorter wavelengths, the band permits the use of smaller antennas than would be required for similar circumstances in the lower bands, to achieve the same high directivity and high gain. The immediate consequence of this high directivity, coupled with the high free space loss at these frequencies, is the possibility of a more efficient use of the spectrum for point-to-multipoint applications. Since a greater number of highly directive antennas can be placed in a given area than less directive antennas, the net result is higher reuse of the spectrum, and higher density of users, as compared to lower frequencies. Furthermore, because one can place more voice channels or broadband information using a higher frequency to transmit the information, this spectrum could potentially be used as a replacement for or supplement to fiber optics.

^^^^ actually quite complex, but seemingly open enough in licensing that one could do what they need to.

SJG

Tulsi Gabbard, Democrat from Hawaii youtube.com

Planet Nine could be a miniature black hole hiding in our solar system digitaltrends.com

SJG

Inphi, extreme high frequency electronics, Indium Phosphide, 600 Ghz trasistor!

inphi.com

Inphi transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs) power the fastest networks on the planet. TIAs are the essential building blocks that take a weak electrical signal from the photodiode in the optical receiver, clean it up and amplify it before transmitting it to the digital signal processing unit.

inphi.com

en.wikipedia.org

Bob Pease 2001 electronicdesign.com

Optical IQ modulators for coherent 100G and beyond (InP) lightwaveonline.com

IN5661TA 56 GBaud inphi.com

IN5661TA 56 Gbaud Single-Channel, Single-Ended Input, Linear Transimpedance / Variable-Gain Amplifier

Part No.

IN5661TA Product Type

Transimpedance Amplifiers Market Segments

Inside Data Centers Applications

100GbE-DR1 SMF Optical Receiver

Features

Supports data rates up to 56 Gbaud Single-channel monolithic TIA/VGA Wide differential electrical gain, typical High electrical bandwidth Adjustable AGC output amplitude Low noise Low power consumption Available in die form

Description

The IN5661TA is a single-channel, single-ended input linear transimpedance/variable-gain amplifier (TIA/VGA) for 100GbE-DR1 SMF optical receiver

In Search of Optical Networking's 'Holy Grail' ( very good article, mid 2019) lightreading.com

A lot of the limits of how much one can stay current with is just getting access to books and journal articles.

Having been in a field where I had to read about 30 papers per month, I learned this. And this included books and theses too.

There are monetary costs.

But then it is also just the time. My Org. will have many think tank sections to try and contend with this.

SJG

Santana 2009 youtube.com

Richardson RFPD richardsonrfpd.com

The Pacific Monolithics Division of Richardson RFPD offers a range of low cost, packaged RF integrated circuits for Cellular, PCS and ISM bands. Products include power amplifiers, switches, attenuators and LNAs covering the spectrum from 800 to 2500 MHz. The amplifiers offer operating efficiencies greater than 50% and output power in excess of 1 watt using a single 3 or 5 volt supply. Richardson RFPD acquired the assets of Pacific Monolithics RFIC group in 1998 and continue to provide full support to the product line, with production at independent wafer fabs, while automated test is done at our Lafox, IL facility. Demo boards are available for most parts, and product samples and applications support are provided on request.

SJG

Daniel Castro - I'll Play The Blues For You youtube.com

Slow Blues/ Blues Ballads 1 - A two hour long compilation youtube.com

TJ Street tuscl.net tuscl.net

Optical Waveguide Grating Filters spiedigitallibrary.org

1993

SJG

Open:

R Programming Language tuscl.net

Right Wing Jews tuscl.net

Closed:

Fighting Against Christianity tuscl.net

nist.gov

nist.gov

nist.gov

SJG